Remote class may lower motivation and closeness to peers
No comparisonThe short version
Students tended to be more engaged during quiz moments than at other times in the lesson.

- 14
- 14 students in one economics class
- One group
- no comparison group
- Self-rated
- people rated themselves
The study
Who took part
14 students (four girls, ten boys) in one economics class, about 17 years old on average.
What they did
Students had six lectures: two in person, two in a mixed room, and two fully remote. In the mixed room, half the class came in person and half remotely, and the halves swapped after lecture three. Each lecture ended with a short quiz, and students rated their engagement at random times.
What happened
Motivation was about the same in all four settings overall. Students who joined a mixed lesson remotely had the least interest and enjoyment, and felt least close to classmates. Engagement rose during quiz moments, and more motivated students scored higher on quizzes.
What the study found
- No comparisonMotivation
Students tended to be more engaged during quiz moments than at other times in the lesson.
Very small study of one group of 14 14 students in one economics class · no comparison group · they rated themselves · ⚠ summary claims more than the results show
- No comparisonMotivation
In mixed lessons, remote students felt least interest and enjoyment.
Very small study of one group of 14 14 students in one economics class · no comparison group · they rated themselves · ⚠ summary claims more than the results show
- No comparisonGoals
Students who were more motivated tended to score higher on the lesson quizzes.
Very small study of one group of 14 14 students in one economics class · no comparison group · they rated themselves · ⚠ summary claims more than the results show
How solid is this?
- Very small group
- No comparison group
- People rated themselves
- Summary claims more than the results show
Source
Learning and instruction in the hybrid virtual classroom: An investigation of students' engagement and the effect of quizzes (2020)
DOI: 10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103682 (opens in a new tab)

